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13 Oct 2025

Composting 101: A Family’s Guide to What Goes In—and What Stays Out—of Your Compost Pile

At The Organic Harvest, we’re proud to be a family of growers on Florida’s Nature Coast, dedicated to empowering you to take control of your food supply through organic gardening. For us, composting isn’t just a chore—it’s a way of life, a daily ritual that connects us to the earth and to each other. We see our compost pile as the beating heart of our garden, transforming everyday scraps into the rich, living soil that nourishes our plants and supports our journey toward food independence and sustainable living.

In this guide, we’ll walk you through the basics of composting—what to include, what to avoid, and why it all matters. Whether you’re a beginner just starting out or an experienced gardener looking to refine your routine, we’re here to share what we’ve learned from generations of hands-on experience. Let’s dig in together and discover how composting can transform your garden—and your life.

 

Why Composting Matters: The Heart of Every Garden

Healthy soil is the foundation of every thriving garden, and composting is the simplest, most natural way to build it. When you compost, you’re not just recycling kitchen scraps and yard waste—you’re creating a vibrant ecosystem teeming with beneficial microbes, earthworms, and fungi. These tiny helpers break down organic matter, releasing nutrients that feed your plants and improve soil structure.

At The Organic Harvest, we’ve seen firsthand how composting can transform even the most challenging soils. Gardens that once struggled with clay, sand, or poor fertility become lush, productive spaces when fed with homemade compost. Composting also reduces waste, keeping organic materials out of landfills and reducing your environmental footprint. It’s a small step with big rewards—for your garden, your family, and the planet.

 

The Building Blocks of Composting: Greens, Browns, Water, and Air

Composting is a bit like baking a cake—you need the right ingredients in the right proportions. Here’s what you’ll need to get started:

  • Greens (Nitrogen-rich materials): Kitchen scraps, fresh grass clippings, and green plant trimmings. These provide the nitrogen that fuels microbial activity.
  • Browns (Carbon-rich materials): Dried leaves, straw, shredded newspaper, cardboard, and small twigs. These add carbon, helping balance the pile and prevent odors.
  • Water: Keep your compost pile damp, like a wrung-out sponge—not too wet, not too dry.
  • Air: Turn your pile regularly to introduce oxygen and speed up decomposition.

A good rule of thumb is to mix 2 to 3 parts browns to 1 part greens by volume. This balance keeps your compost healthy, efficient, and odor-free.

 

What to Include in Your Compost Pile: A Closer Look

Not sure what to toss into your compost bin? Here’s a detailed guide to what you can safely add:

  • Fruit and vegetable scraps: Peels, cores, seeds, and any parts you don’t eat.
  • Coffee grounds and filters: A great source of nitrogen.
  • Eggshells (crushed): Help balance acidity and add calcium.
  • Yard waste: Grass clippings (mixed with browns), leaves, small twigs, and plant trimmings.
  • Paper and cardboard: Shredded newspaper, cardboard (without glossy coatings), and unbleached paper towels.
  • Straw and hay: Add bulk and carbon—make sure they’re free from herbicides.
  • Herbivore manure: Cow, horse, or chicken manure is excellent, but avoid manure from carnivorous animals.

These materials break down into rich, dark compost that’s perfect for feeding your garden and improving soil structure.

 

What to Avoid in Your Compost Pile: Keeping It Safe and Healthy

While composting is forgiving, some materials can cause problems or even harm your garden. Here’s what to leave out of your compost pile:

  • Meat, fish, and dairy products: Attract pests and create unpleasant odors.
  • Oils and fats: Slow decomposition and attract animals.
  • Pet waste: Can contain harmful pathogens.
  • Treated wood or coal ash: May contain chemicals that harm plants.
  • Diseased plants or weeds with mature seeds: Can spread disease or unwanted weeds.
  • Inorganic materials: Plastics, metals, and synthetic materials do not break down.

By avoiding these materials, you’ll keep your compost pile healthy, odor-free, and safe for your garden.

 

Tips and Tricks for Successful Composting

To make the most of your composting efforts, keep these tips in mind:

  • Layer and mix materials: Alternate greens and browns for balanced decomposition.
  • Turn your pile regularly: Aerate with a pitchfork or shovel every week or two.
  • Keep it moist: Water if too dry, cover if too wet.
  • Be patient: Composting takes time—usually a few months to a year.
  • Chop or shred large materials: Helps them break down faster.
  • Monitor temperature: A warm pile means microbes are hard at work.

 

Real Stories from the Organic Harvest Community

We love hearing from our growing community about their composting adventures. Here are a few stories that inspire us:

Maria’s Compost Success:
“I started composting last year and was amazed at how quickly my garden improved. My tomatoes are bigger, my herbs are more fragrant, and I hardly ever need to water. Plus, I love knowing I’m doing something good for the planet.”

Tom’s Compost Experiment:
“At first, I was worried about smells and pests, but once I learned what to include and what to avoid, my compost pile became the heart of my garden. Now, my soil is richer and my plants are healthier than ever.”

Lena’s Urban Compost:
“Living in the city, I didn’t think I could compost, but a small bin on my balcony changed everything. I feel more connected to my food and my community, and my plants are thriving.”

The Bigger Picture: Why Your Composting Choices Matter

Every time you add the right materials to your compost pile, you’re investing in the long-term health of your garden and the planet. Healthy compost supports biodiversity, conserves water, and helps you grow more food with fewer inputs. At The Organic Harvest, we believe that composting is the ultimate form of self-reliance and sustainable living. It’s a small act with a big impact—one that connects you to the earth, to your food, and to a growing community of like-minded gardeners.

 

How We’re Here to Help

As a family-owned, USDA Certified Organic operation, we’re committed to helping you succeed in your organic growing journey. We’re here to share our knowledge, offer practical tips, and support you every step of the way—from first sprout to final harvest.

From our farm to your garden, we invite you to join our growing community and take control of your food supply, one handful of compost at a time.

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